Deflector and ventilator for passenger-cars.



Patented Mar. ll, I902. v F. L. NICHOLS. DEFLEGTUR AND VENTILATOR FOR PASSENGER CABS.

(Application filed Jan. 2, 1901. Renewed Fab. 3, 1802.)

' 4 Sheets-Sh'eet I.

(No Model.)

' [math]? I avail Patented Mar. ll, I902.

F. L. NICHOLS. DEFLECTOB AND VENTILATOR FOR PASSENGER CARS.

(Application fild Jan. 2, 1901. Renewed Feb. 3, 1902.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

Inmwafor N0. 695,!68. Patented Mar. II, 1902.

F. L. NICHOLS.

DEFLECTOB AND VENTILATOR FOR PASSENGER CABS.

(Application filed Jan. 2, 1901. Renewed Feb. 3, 1902.) (No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Patented Mar. ll, I902. F. L. NICHOLS.

DEFLEUTOR AND' VENTILATOR FOB PASSENGER CABS.

(Application filed Jan. 2, 1901. Renewed Feb. 8, 1902.)

eats-Sheet 4.

llrvrrnn dramas nrnwr rricn.

FRANK L. NICHOLS, OF XVASHINGTON', DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES ALBERT XVITHERS, OF AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.

DEFLECTOR AND VENTILATOR FOR PASSENGER-CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 695,168, dated March 11, 1902.

Application filed January 2, 1901. Renewed February 3, 1902. Serial No. 92,425. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK L. NICHOLS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Deflectors and Ventilators for Passenger-Cars,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to deflectors and ventilators for passenger-cars, the object of the same being to provide novel means for preventing the entrance of rain, smoke, dust, or cinder-laden air into the open windows of a car and for producing an induced draft or suction of air from the inside of the car through I 5 said windows, and thereby reducing the temperature in said car.

A further object of the invention is to provide a deflector and ventilator which is reversible in position in order that it may be effective in operation when the car is moving in either direction.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic lock for retaining the movable parts of the device in their adjusted po- 2 sitions.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear, and the novel features thereof will be set forth in the claims.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a perspective view showing my improved deflector and ventilator applied to the outside of a passenger-car between two of the adjacent windows thereof. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan View of the same.

Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating the lock between the movable deflecting-blade and the support on which the same is mounted. Fig. 4 is an elevation of a modified construction. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the same. Fig..

6 represents detail perspective views of the parts constituting the lock for the upper end of the deflecting-blade. Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the lower supporting-bracket shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 8 represents detail perspective views, on an enlarged scale, of the parts which constitute the lock for the lower end of the movable deflecting-blade. Fig. 0 is a detail vertical sectional viewillustratiug the lock for the lower end of the deflectingblade. Fig. 10 is an elevation of another modified form of my invention. Fig. 1]. is a vertical transverse section of the same, and Fig. 12 is a horizontal section.

Like reference-numeralsindicate like'parls in the difierent views.

My improved deflector and ventilator consists of the base or back 1, having the outwardly extending horizontally disposed brackets 2 3 at its upper and lower ends, the said brackets constituting the top and bottom of the deflector, the vertically-disposed deflecting-blade 4, adjustable at an angle to the base or back 1, and the wings 5 6, pivoted to the sides of the base 1 and connected to the deflecting-blade 4, so as to be operated and adjusted thereby.

The base 1 of the device is secured to the vertical partition ,7, which separates two adjacent windows, and is provided with an olfset portion 8, which embraces the projecting 7o sill 9 of the window. Corresponding offset portions 10 are provided on the wings 5 and 6.

The deflecting-blade 4 is secured to a vertically-disposed shaft 11, mounted in suitable bearings in the brackets 2 and 3, respectively, 7 5 and capable of a small degree of longitudinal movement in said brackets. To provide for this movement of the shaft 11 and of the blade 4, which is secured thereto, the said blade 4 is slightly shorter than the distance between the brackets 2 and 3. Said shaft 11 is provided with an operating-handle 12 upon its lower end and is secured to the outer surface of the blade 4 along the vertical medial line thereof. To the inner face of the blade 4, directly opposite the shaft 11, are secured the lugs 13, to which are pivoted the links 14 and 15. The opposite ends of the links 14 are pivoted tothe wing 5, and the opposite ends of the links 15 are pivoted to the wing 6. This link connection between the blade 4 and the wings 5 and 6 being a loose one provides for a small degree of vertical movement of the blade 4 independent of said wings. When the shaft 11, however, and the blade 4, which 5 is connected thereto, are turned, a turning movement will also be imparted to each of the wings. The lower bracket 3 is provided with upwardly-extending lugs 16, adapted to be engaged by said blade for limiting its movetoo ment in opposite directions.

To look the blade 4 and the parts connected therewith in their adjusted positions at the limit of the turning movement of said blade in each direction, I provide upon the upper bracket 2 downwardly-extending lugs 17, located directly above the lugs 16 on the lower bracket 3 and provided with slots 18, having narrow or contracted offsets 19 at their lower ends. Cooperating with the lugs 17 and the slots therein are flanges or projections 20 on the blade 4, extending inwardly from the upper ends thereof and constituting, what may be termed locking-buttons. The same are provided with enlarged heads and with narrow or contracted shanks 21. By lifting the Shaft 11 the blade 4, which is connected therewith, is also lifted and may be turned with the shaft 11 to the limit of its movement in either direction. When said blade is in its raised position, the buttons 20 are in the same plane with the enlarged portions of the slots 18 in the lugs 17, and the enlarged heads of said buttons may pass into and through said slots. Upon now releasing the shaft 11 the said shaft and the blade 4, connected thereto, will drop bygravity to their normal positions, with the shank 21 of the button 20, .which is located within the slot 18, fitting within the narrow or contracted offset 19 in said slot. The blade 4 is thereby locked automatically in its adjusted position, and danger of accidental turning movement thereof is effectually prevented. In order to turn the same to another position, it is necessary to raise the blade 4 again, so as to lift the shank 21 of the button out of the contracted offset 19 of the slot 18, when a turning movement of the shaft 11 will move the button 20 out of the enlarged portion of the slot 18.

When the car to which my improved deflector and ventilator is applied is moving in the direction indicated by the large arrow in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the blade 4 is turned, as indicated in said figure, so that the button 20 at -the right side of said blade will be in locking engagement with the lug 17 on the right side of the bracket 2. When in this position, the blade4will lie at an acute angle to the base 1 and to the side of the car to which said base is attached, with the forward end of said blade farther removed from the side of the car than the rear end. When in this position, the wing 5 lies in the same plane with the base 1, whereas the wing 6 will extend outwardly from the side'of the carat an angle. The blade 4 and the wings'5 and 6 are so proportioned and arranged that when in the position just described an elongated contracted passage 22 is provided at the rear end of the device, between the rear edge of the blade 4 and the wing 6. During the forward movementof the car, therefore, the inclined blade 4 will serve to collect the air approaching the window-opening along the sides of the car, which air will be discharged from the rear of the device through the contracted passage 22, the same being deflected outwardly at an angle to the side of the car by the wing 6. As the passage 22 is narrower than the space between the forward end of the blade 4 and the side of the car, a considerable pressure will be applied to the air entering said space, which pressure will serve to discharge the air with considerable force through the passage 22. As the air discharged from the passage 22 moves with considerable force, it will set up an outwardly-directed current, which will act upon any dust or cinder laden air approaching the window from the outside of the blade 4 and deflect the same away from said window, so as to prevent its entering the car. At the same time an induced current or suction is produced from the inside of the car through the window, which will tend to discharge the foul air contained within the car, and thereby ventilate the same.

cated by the large arrow in Fig. 2, it is necessary, of course, to change the position of the deflecting-blade 4 and of the wings 5 and 6, connected thereto by the links 14 and '15. This may be done, as heretofore stated, by raising the shaft 11, to which the blade 4 is connected, so asto lift the shank 21 of the button 20 out of the contracted portion 19 of the slot 18 in the lug 17. The shaft 11 and the blade 4 may then be turned until the but.- ton 20 on the opposite side thereof is brought into locking engagement with the slotted lug 17 on the opposite side of the bracket 2. During this movement of the blade 4 the pivoted wing 6 will be turned so as to lie in the same plane with the base 1 of the device, and the pivoted wing 5 will be turned so as to extend outwardly from the base 1 at an angle. The device will then operate in exactly the same Way as before, provided the car be moving in the reverse direction.

As the weight of the blade 4 and the appur tenances thereof may be found inconvenient to lift for the purpose of turning said blade, it may be desirable to provide means for looking, releasing, andturning said blade without the necessity of lifting it. The modified construction of my invention illustrated on Sheet 3 of the drawings is adapted to operate in this way. In this modified form of my invention the blade 4 is secured to a hollow shaft 11, mounted in hearings in the upper and lower brackets 2 and 3. The length of the blade 4, however, is substantially the same as the distance between the brackets 2 and 3, so that no appreciable vertical movement may be imparted to said blade. The shaft 11 projects through an opening 23 in the bracket 2 and has a cross-head 24 thereon, provided with diametrically opposite slots 25 in the ends thereof. This cross-head 24 rests and is adapted to move upon the upper surface of the bracket 2. To limit the turning movement of the shaft 11 in opposite di rections, the upper surface of the bracket 2 is provided with the lugs 26 27, with which the opposite ends of said cross-head arc adapt- If the car be moving in a direction opposite that indied to respectively engage. Adjacent to the lugs 26 and 27 are the notches or depressions 28 29, in which are adapted to fit for the purpose of locking the blade 4 in one or the other of its adjusted positions downwardly-extending teeth or projections 30 on the end of a bridge-piece 31., secured to a turning rod 33, extending through the hollow shaft 11 and having an operating-handle 34 upon its lower end. The teeth or projections 30 also extend down into the slots 25 in the cross-head24 and constantly remain therein. The parts just described constitute a lock for the upper end of the blade 4 the operation of which is as follows: When the rod 33 is in its lowermost position, which position it will assume by gravity, the teeth or projections 30 on the bridge-piece 31 will lie within the slots 25 in the cross-head 24 on the shaft ll and also in one or the other pair of notches 28 29 in the upper bracket 2. Turning movement of the rod is prevented by its engagement with the side walls of the notches 28 or 29, inwhich the teeth or projections 30 lie, and as said teeth or projections 30 also lie within the slots 25 in the cross-head 24 turning movement of the shaft 11" and of the blade 4, which is connected to said shaft, is effectually prevented.

By applying pressure to the handle 34 on the lower'end of the rod 33 and elevating said rod the teeth or projections 30 on the bridge-piece 31 will be moved out of the slots 28 or 29, in

which they fit, and said rod is then free to be turned. As the teeth or projections 30, however, remain constantly in the slots 25 in the cross-head 24, when said rod 33 is turned it will move with it the shaft 11, to which the cross-head 24 is attached, and the blade 4, which is connected to said shaft. The turning movement of these parts will be limited by the engagement of the oross-head 24 with one pair or the other of the lugs 26 27 \Vhen contact is had between'said cross-head and one or theother pair of said lugs and the rod 33 is released, the same will fall by gravity and the teeth or projections 30 will drop into the notches 28 or 29, which are adjacent to said lugs. The parts will then be again locked and movement of the same effectually prevented. I i I In addition to the look just described for the upper end of the blade 4 1 have also provided a lock for the lower end thereof, .the same being illustrated in detail in Figs. 7, 8, and 9 of the drawings. As will be observed by reference to these figures, .the'bracket 3 is provided with an opening 35, through which the shaft ll extends, and on the under side of said bracket are provided lugs 36 37, arranged in pairs on opposite sides of'said opening. Adjacent to said lugs are the notches 38 39, also arranged in pairs on opposite sides of said opening. The lower end of the shaft 11 has secured to it a collar 40, provided with bearing-lugs projecting outwardly on opposite sides thereof,in which are pivoted the dogs 41. The said dogs are provided with the downwardly and inwardly extending tailpieces 42, and the upper or engaging ends of saiddogs are heavier than said tailpieces, so that the latter will be held normally in their inward positions, whereas said engaging ends will be held normally in a substantially horizontal position. The handle 34 on the lower end of the rod 33 is provided with depressions 43 in the sides thereof, above which depressions are the projecting shoulders or enlargements 44. Now when the rod 33 is raised for the purpose of releasing the lock for the upper end of the blade 4 the depressions 43 in the handle 34 will come opposite the tailpieces 42 of of the dogs 41, and said tailpieces will, due to the increased weight of the upper or engaging ends of said dogs, be thrown inwardly within said depressions 43, as will be apparent. When, however, the rod 33 is permitted to drop, the shoulders or enlargements 44 on the handle 34 willbe brought into engagement with the tailpieces 42 of the dogs 41, throwing said tailpieces outwardly and the upper engaging endsof said dogs upwardly. The said dogs 41 are adapted to fit within the notches 38 and 39 in the under side of the bracket 3 and are also adapted to engage the lugs 36 and 37 for limiting the movement of the shaft 11 inopposite directions. The lugs 36 and 37 are located directly beneath the lugs 26 and 27, and the notches 38 and 39 are located directly beneath the notches 28 and 29. When, therefore, the rod33 is raised and the upper lock is released, the engaging portions of the dogs 41 will be lowered out of the notches 38 or 39. When, however, the rod 33 is lowered or depressed and the lock for the upper end of the blade 4 is in operative position, the engaging ends of the dogs 41 will be thrown up- .Wardly, as illustrated in Fig. 9 of the drawings, and fitwithin one or the other pairof notches 38 39. It will thus be seen that the upper and lower locks for the blade 4 are opelrated simultaneously andby the sameineans,

so that whenthe rod 33 is raised both locks I will he released and the blade 4 is free to be turned, but that when said rod 33 is lowered both locks will be thrown into operative position automatically and the blade 4 will be firmly secured against movement in either direction at both ends of the same.

The modified form of my invention illustrated in Figs. 10, 11, and 12 of the drawings is similar to that illustratedin Figsfl, 2, and 3, the difference between the two construe tionsresiding in the locking means for the blade 4. The said blade is secured to a shaft 11", similar in all respects to the shaft 11, except that it is hollow, the same being made hollow to decrease the weight of the parts-to be lifted. The said shaft 11 and the blade 4, connected thereto, are adapted to be raised and lowered slightly independent of the wings 5 and 6, which are pivoted to the side edges of the base or back; 1. On the blade 4, however, adjacent to the side edges thereof are secured the catches 45, consisting of plates provided with outwardly and downwardly extending flanges 46, the same constituting, in connection with the links 14 and 15, the looking devices for the blade 4. The flanges 46 of the catches 45 are adapted to engage the links 14 and 15 when the blade4 is moved to the limit of its turning movement in one di rection or the other and is allowed to drop down upon the lower bracket 3. When the members are in this position, the blade 4 is locked against movement in either direction. To change the position of the blade,itis necessary to raise the same by applying power to the handle 12 on the lower end of the shaft 11 and raising said shaft and the blade 4,con-

nected thereto. hooks 46 of the In so doing the flanges or catches 45 are lifted above the links 14 and 15,'and then the blade 4may be turned until it reaches the limit of its movement in the opposite direction, when the flanges or hooks 46 on the catches 45 pass beyond the'links on the opposite side of the blade 4 and engage said links as soon as the blade 4 is allowed to drop. Turning movement of said blade from the position in which it was last adjusted is then effectually prevented, and in order to change the adjust ment of the same it is merely necessary to ele vate the said blade, so as to move the catches 45 out of engagement with the links 14 and 15.

It will be noted that my improved deflector and ventilator extends down below the sill 9 of the car, the offset portions 8 of the base 1 and the oflset portions 10 of the wings 5 and 6 providing for the reception of said sill. By

extending the device down below the sill I effectually cut 0% all incoming air containing dust, smoke, or other impurities from the under side of the sill. This is an important feature'of my construction, as most of the dust entering the windows of the car comes from the ground or the wheels. By my construction I effectually cut this ofi entirely. The said deflector also extends above the windowopening for an obvious purpose.

I have shown and described my invention as being applied to a passenger-car. It will be understood, however, that the same is not only adapted but intended to be used upon refrigerator, cold-storage, and other cars.

,Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A deflector and ventilator for passengercars,comprisinga deflecting-blade, means for adjusting the position of said blade, and deflecting-wings connected with said blade and adapted to be actuated thereby.

2. A deflector and ventilator for passengercars, comprising a pivotally-mounted deflecting blade, pivotally mounted deflectingwings on opposite sides thereof and connections between said whereby the latter former.

3. A deflector and ventilator for passengerblade and said wings, may be turned by the cars, comprising a pivotally-mounted deflectingblade, pivotally mounted deflectingwings on opposite sides of said blade, and a link connection between said blade and said wings.

4. A deflector and ventilator for passengercars, comprising a pivotally-mounted deflecting blade, pivotally mounted deflectingwings on opposite sides thereof, means for adjusting the position of said blade, and connections between said blade and said wings, whereby the latter may be turned by the former.

5. A deflector and ventilator for passengercars, comprising a base, brackets secured thereto and projecting outwardly therefrom, a deflecting-blade mounted to turn between said brackets, deflecting-wings pivoted to said base on opposite sides of said blade, and connections between said blade and said wings, whereby the latter may be actuated by the former.

6. A deflector and ventilator for passengercars, comprising a base, brackets secured thereto and projecting outwardly therefrom, a shaft mounted to turn in said brackets and having an operating-handle thereon, a deflecting-blade secured to said shaft and located between said brackets, deflecting;wings pivoted to said base, and a link connection between said blade and said wings.

7. A deflector and ventilator for passengercars, comprising an adjustable deflectingblade, deflecting-wings connected thereto and operated thereby and means for locking said blade and wings in adjusted position.

8. A deflector and ventilator for passengerblade, deflecting-wings connected thereto and operated thereby and. means for automatically locking said blade and wings in adjusted position. 9. A deflector and ventilator forpassengercars, comprising a pivotally-mounted adjustable deflecting-blade, means for turning the operated thereby and a lock for retaining said blade and wings in adjusted position.

10. Adeflector and ventilator for passen ger-cars, comprising a pivotally-mounted adthe same, deflecting-wings connected thereto and operated thereby and an automatic lock for retaining said blade and Wings in adjusted position.

11. A deflector and ventilator for passenger-cars, comprising a pivotally-mounted deflecting-blade, pivotally-mounted deflectingwings connected with said blade and adapted to be turned thereby, and a lock for retaining said blade and said wings in adjusted position.

12. A deflector and ventilator for passen ger-cars, comprising a pivotally-mounted deflecting-blade, pivotally-mounted deflectingwings on opposite sides thereof, a link concars, comprising an adjustable deflectingustable deflecting-blade, means for turning IIO same, deflecting-wings connected thereto and scares nection between said blade and said wings, and a lock for retaining said blade and said wings in adjusted position.

13. A deflector and ventilator for passenger-cars, comprising a base, brackets projecting outwardly therefrom, a vertical shaft mounted in said brackets, a deflecting-blade secured to said shaft, bearing-lugs on the inner side of said blade, deflecting-wings pivoted to said bracket on opposite sides of said blade, and links pivoted at their inner ends to said bearing-lugs and at their outer ends, respectively, to said wings.

14. A deflector and ventilator for passenger-cars, comprising a pivotally-mounted adjustable deflecting-blade, a stationary part in which said blade is mounted and in which it is vertically movable, means for turning said blade, a locking-button on one of said parts, having a head and a contracted shank, and a socket for receiving said button on the other of said parts having a slot therein with a contracted offset, the head of said button adapted to project through said slot and the shank of said button adapted to fit within said contracted offset.

15. A deflector and ventilator for passenger-cars, comprising a base, brackets projecting outwardly therefrom, a vertical shaft mounted to turn in saidbrackets and capable of vertical movement therein, a deflecting-blade secured to said shaft, lugs secured to one of said brackets and projecting toward the other, each of said lugs having a slot therein provided with a contracted offset, and locking-buttons on said blade having heads thereon and contracted shanks, the heads of said buttons adapted to project through the slots in said lugs and said shanks adapted'to fit within said contracted offsets.

16. A deflector and ventilator for passenger-cars, comprising a base, brackets projecting outwardly therefrom, a vertical shaft mounted to turn in said brackets and capa ble of vertical movement therein, a deflecting-blade secured to said shaft and capable of vertical movement in said brackets, lugs secured to the upper of said brackets and projccting downwardly therefrom, lugs secured to the lower of said brackets and projecting upwardly therefrom, one set of said lugs havin g slots therein provided with contracted offsets, and locking-buttons on said blade havingheads thereon and contracted shanks, the heads of said buttons adapted to project through said slots, when said blade is in its raised position and said shanks adapted to fit within the contracted offsets of said slots when said blade is in its lowermost position, and said blade adapted to engage the imperforate lugs when the same is in its lowermost position.

prising a back orbase provided with an offset portion for the reception of said sill, a deflecting-blade and deflecting-wings connected with said blade and adapted to be actuated thereby, the said wings being provided with offset portions for the reception of said sill.

19. A deflector and ventilator for passenger-cars, comprising abase secured to the side of the car and projecting down below the sill of the windows and provided with an offset portion for the reception of said sill, a pivotally-mounted deflecting -blade, and wings pivoted to the side edges of said base and connected with said blade so as to be operated thereby, the said wings being provided with offset portions for the reception of saidsill.

,Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set,

my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK L. NICHOLS. Witnesses:

JAMES L. NoRRIs, GEO. W. REA. 

